Stu Burns. Download PDF. A short summary of this paper. It can be difficult to follow, difficult to like, and difficult to accept as the work of a master. By the time Vampyr saw theaters in , it was outdated stylistically and technologically. Vampyr was a worse commercial failure than Joan of Arc, and Dreyer did not make another feature for eleven years.
Intertextuality allows for the re-vision and appropriation of older texts to suit new situations and meanings, and it presents the opportunity to critique outmoded assumptions.
Though some of the elements Dreyer mentioned were pedestrian things like keys turning by themselves and creeping shadows, an intertextual reading of Vampyr reveals an active process of developing more characteristic motifs from other works and using the context of other shared elements in his own creative process.
For example, the only source that Vampyr formally credits is J. This is not to say that Dreyer is essentially derivative. To summarize the plot: Vampyr begins when Allan Gray, a young man prone to dreaming on occult lines, wanders into the French village of Courtempierre and takes a room at an inn.
After Gray familiarizes himself with the Spartan surroundings, an old man, later revealed to be the local Manor Lord, comes into his room unbidden. That night, Gray takes a walk around the grounds, seeing a Soldier with a prosthetic leg who can dispatch his shadow to a dance party with a number of other disembodied shadows — a gathering that is broken up by a mysterious old woman.
Gray also meets a local Doctor who denies that there are any children or dogs at the manor — despite Gray hearing both just seconds before.
The book reveals several aspects of the undead, including their ability to command shadows of condemned criminals. Calling the Doctor, Gray assists by offering his blood for transfusion. Entering a mediumistic state, Gray wanders the grounds. He stops to rest, and his spirit leaves his body, following the Doctor back to his office.
Gray also sees the Soldier preparing a coffin for interment. On closer look, Gray realizes that his body is in the coffin, and the Soldier seals the lid complete with window while the Doctor and the vampire look on. Now looking out from his coffin, Gray can see that he is being carried into the churchyard.
Gray helps the servant, and they see the vampire intact within. In a panic, the Soldier tumbles down the stairs, breaking his neck. A door closes behind the Doctor, locking him into a receiving bin. The machines start up, and the Doctor is smothered by flour. Carmilla Karnstein appears to be a beautiful young woman who ingratiates herself to noble families while feasting on their daughters and village tenants. Beckett is rescued at the last minute, more out of luck than anything else.
Dreyer uses this almost exactly, even having Gunzburg feign a paralyzed expression. To summarize, Lucy is a chronic sleepwalker, an affliction since childhood that Stoker implies is exacerbated by Dracula. One night, she sleepwalks all the way from her bedroom to a favorite scenic view on a churchyard cliff. Mina takes Lucy home, but she falls ill, deteriorating rapidly, and no local doctor can comprehend what is happening to her. When specialist Abraham Van Helsing is summoned, he recognizes the signs of vampiric attack, especially the telltale bite marks on her throat that Mina had dismissed as pinpricks.
Eventually, Lucy dies. Marguerite Chopin then has the Lord killed, albeit in an indirect way that appears to be a heart attack. Curiously enough, most previous literature on Vampyr rarely acknowledges any substantial link to Stoker. Murnau had loosely adapted Dracula in , changing character names, altering several plot points, and retitling his film Nosferatu. Prana, never known for its business acumen, was found insolvent, so Stoker sought to have all copies of the film destroyed. This request was granted in Film: German Expressionism One of the last exemplars of the Expressionist movement in film, Vampyr shares many stylistic touchstones with the great films of that movement, especially its definitive film The Cabinet of Dr Caligari directed by Robert Weine and the aforementioned Nosferatu.
If you see a Google Drive link instead of source url, means that the file witch you will get after approval is just a summary of original book or the file has been already removed. Loved each and every part of this book.
I will definitely recommend this book to literature, literature lovers. Your Rating:. Your Comment:. Home Downloads Free Downloads Dracula pdf. Later generations associated him with pure evil and accepted the stories of his murders, mutilations and impalements without question. And later still, thanks to Bram Stoker, he shifted his shape into the doyen of the undead, complete with haunted castles, terrifying bats and an unearthly aversion to sunlight.
The real Vlad Dracula lived in Transylvania, in the horseshoe of the Carpathian Mountains today's Romania and ruled his state of Wallachia three times. Making war against the Ottoman Turks, rivals to his throne and keeping his people in check, his was a life steeped in blood. But was he 'a prince more sinned against than sinning'? To Romanians, he is a hero on a white horse, a nationalist leader who carried out dreadful deeds in order to save the country he loved. To others, he was a rapacious homicidal maniac whose cruelty has no parallel, in his day or any other.
This stylishly-written and compelling narrative unravels the true story behind the image and takes us into the heart of the bloody, uncertain world of Medieval Europe. Score: 3. Even within this figure's own lifetime, his true story became obscured by a veil of myths. Vlad has been depicted as a national and Christian hero who bravely fought to defend his native land and all of Europe against the invading Turkish infidels.
However, he has also been portrayed as a bloody tyrant -- whose reputation slowly transformed through the ages into the fictional vampire created by Bram Stoker at the end of the nineteenth century. Even in the twentieth century, the true history of Dracula has been obscured by communist and nationalist historiography. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3. Software Images icon An illustration of two photographs. Images Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape Donate Ellipses icon An illustration of text ellipses.
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